This is a retrospective clinical study on a series of 214 patients with facial bone fractures in Pohang and east-sea side of Kyung-Buk who treated as in-patient at Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dongguk University Pohang Hospital from
January,
1991 to December, 1993.
@ES The results obtained were as follows:
@EN 1. The ratio of men to women was about 6.5:1. The third decade(37.7%) was the highest age group in incidence, and fourth decade(24.3%) and fifth decade(12.6%) were next in order of frequency.
The year incidence was not different, but the monthly incidence was the highest in November(11.7%), and the weekly incidence was the highest in Sunday, and the area incidence was the highest in Pohang.
The traffic accident(50.9%) was the most common cause of facial bone fractures, and industrial injury(18.7%), fight(17.3%), fall & slip down(7.0%), and sport accident(3.3%) were next in order of frequency.
The incidence of associated soft tissue injury was 58.2%, and the incidence of associated teeth injury was 32.0%. The facial bone fractures were most frequently combined with head & neck(28.5%), and upper & lower extremities(11.7%) and chest &
abdomen(2.8%) were next in order of frequency.
The elapsed time from injury to hospital was most frequently within 1 day(57.0%), and the elapsed time from injury to operation was most frequently 4 day-1 week(50.6%), and the period of admission was most frequently 1 week-2 week(33.7%).
The most common location of facial bone fractures was mandible(49.0%), and zygoma & zygomatic arch(28.0%), maxilla(palatal involved) (12.0%), orbital (orbital floor & ethmoid) (7.0%) and nasal (4.0%) were next in order of frequency. The single
fracture
of one location was 81.2%, and the combined fracture of two locations above as 18.8%.
The most common site of mandible fractures was symphysis(40.0%), and angle(26.0%), condyle(21.0%), body(10.0%), and ramus(3.0%) were next in order of frequency. The most common type of mandible fractures was closed simple type(65.0%).
The most common site of maxilla(palatal involved) fractures was single fracture of Le-Fort I type(21.9%), and single fracture of Le-Fort II type(18.8%), combined fracture of Le-Fort I & II type(15.6%), combined fracture of Le-Fort I & II & III
type(12.6%) were next in order of frequency. The most common type of maxilla(palatal involved) fractures was closed comminuted type(43.8%).
The most common site of zygoma & zygomatic arch fractures was combined fracture of zygoma & zygomatic arch(66.7%), and zygomatic arch(25.3%) and zygoma(8.0%) were next in order of frequency. The most common site of orbital(orbital floor &
ethmoid)
fractures was ethmoid(45.0%), and orbital floor(40.0%) and combined fracture of orbital floor & ethmoid(15.0%) were next in order of frequency.
The most common method of treatment of mandible fractures was IMF+OR+RIF)43.6%, and IMF+OR+DIW(18.8%) was next in order of frequency. The most common method of treatment of maxilla(palatal involved) fractures was IMF+OR+RIF(18.8%), and IMF+ OR+
DIW+
Suspension(15.6%) was next in order of frequency.
The most common method of treatment of zygoma & zygomatic arch fractures was OR+DIW+RIF (26.7%), and Gillies only(16.0%) was next in order of frequency. The most common method of treatment of orbital(orbital floor & ethmoid) was
OR+Silastic(35.0%),
and
observation(25.0%) was next in order of frequency.
The most common period of intermaxillary fixation was 1-2 week(36.4%), and 4 day-1 week(26.7%), 2 week-1 month(23.0%) were next in order of frequency. The most common complication of facial bone fractures was osteomyelitis(50.0%), and local
infection(28.7%) was next in oder of frequency.
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